Virtual stand automotive gate driver for sic mosfet. Shortcircuit protection circuits for siliconcarbide. Shortcircuit protection with a mosfet eeweb community. This paper proposes short circuit and overload gate driver protection schemes, based on the parasitic inductance between the kelvin and powersource terminals of highcurrent silicon carbide sic mosfet modules. Finally, the sic mosfet and the gate driver ic with the longest response time were tested together under short circuit conditions in both single device and halfbridge configurations. Understanding the short circuit protection for silicon. The auir3200s is a high side mosfet driver for very low. The circuit implementation of the proposed method is analyzed in detail. Pin 17 of the x1 signal connector toggles high when a desat event occurs. Sic mosfet driver with desaturation protection and negative bias. Given its small chip area and high current density, the fault protection of sic mosfet is a serious challenge. Tida00917 is a driver reference design for parallel igbts with short circuit protection. Normally the fet will be in saturation, so the drop across it will be very low. Ive guessed that this was because the motor inductance created a large negative voltage spike from drain to ground on disconnection, so ive added d2 to handle this.
The comparator can be monitored by a microcontroller. Jul 16, 2018 short circuit with different gate driving voltages short circuit protection via gate driver ic desat protection. Unleash the power of silicon carbide sic select the right silicon carbide or igbt gate driver for your next energyefficient, robust and compact system design. As all important parameters are specified in an ic driver, designers need not go through time consuming process of defining, designing and testing circuits to drive mosfet igbts. Protecting mosfets against overcurrent events power. Lt1910 protected high side mosfet driver analog devices.
Outputs status of protection circuit when pin 1 is high. Boost the efficiency of your design with strong drive currents, high cmti and short propagation delays of our sic and igbt gate drivers. Fault protection for a sic mosfet based on gate voltage. In the event of a short circuit, the voltage across the mosfet v ds rises until it hits a threshold which causes the desat circuit to drive all six gate drive channels to their off state. The capacitor charging time is called the blanking time, which is calculated as. Protection circuits for both conventional and sense igbts programmable fault blanking time protection against overcurrent and short circuit undervoltage lockout optimized for igbts negative gate drive capability cost effectively drives power mosfets and bipolar transistors this is a pb. Chapter 5 protection circuit design 52 1 short circuit overcurrent protection 11 short circuit withstand capability in the event of a short circuit, first the igbts collect or current will rise, once it has reached a certain level. Tis ucc217xx family, a single channel isolated gate driver for igbt and sic.
There really is no easy way to prevent what happened. Jun 10, 2018 the short circuit withstand time is shorter than igbt. The requirements of short circuit protection for sic mosfets will be summarized. Protecting a sic mosfet from short circuit failure requires the gate drive to detect the overcurrent condition and turn off the mosfet within its withstand time. This board is compatible with several igbt and silicon carbide mosfet module packages, and has the fast and robust short circuit protection capability. Gate drive circuit an overview sciencedirect topics. Enhanced output short circuit protection onthencl30051 table 1. Mod03 lec short circuit protection of power mosfet.
The protection scheme uses a small, integrated, overcurrent detector ocd to provide a fastacting, noiseimmune overcurrent signal. The circuit has to be able to survive an effectively zeroresistance load i. The lt1910is a high side gate driver that allows the use of low cost. This simple circuit adds short circuit load protection to a basic driver such as the output of a simple logic gate, while allowing it to. Fast acting over current power circuit protection scheme 18004629979 control circuit ocd.
Key features include wide input range of operation, extended temperature range of operation, a powerful gate drive, and shortcircuit protection. The lowside and highside gate drivers are controlled by a single input signal to the pwm pin. A gate drive circuit is an integrated circuit that accepts a low power input from a controller ic and produces the appropriate voltage and current for a power semiconductor switch. The isolated temperature monitoring and input supply monitoring are also implemented in this board. Mosfet body diodes generally have a long reverse recovery time compared to the performance of the mosfets themselves. This simple circuit adds shortcircuit load protection to a basic driver such as the. Integration of protection features with power switches continues to drive new product. If you have an application in which a mosfet is already used to switch a load, it is relatively easy to add short circuit or overload protection. Shortcircuit faults are the most critical failure mechanism in power converters, which may result from the controller fault, device breakdown, or load shortcircuit.
Comparative design of gate drivers with shortcircuit protection. Cycle the input to reset the short circuit latch and turn the mosfet back on. Comparative design of gate drivers with shortcircuit. Highside load driver enhances shortcircuit protection.
Pdf shortcircuit protection circuits for silicon carbide. Mosfet driver ic featuring internal antishootthrough protection. Six channel sic mosfet driver gate driver for 1200v sic mosfet power module features 6 output channels isolated power supply direct mount low inductance design short circuit protection over temperature protection under voltage protection for use with cree module 45mm, 6pak modules. Virtual stand automotive gate driver for sic mosfet gate. Gunasekaran,department of electronics design and technology, iisc bangalore. Among the various shortcircuit protection schemes, desaturation protection is. According to the ir2153 integration, the greatest feature of the ir2161 is the builtin current sense short circuit protection system, the power mosfet is protected against the current drawn through the lowohmic shunt resistor connected to the source pace, unfortunately the working frequency can not be adjusted with external components, this. The only way to guard against this would be an overvoltage crowbar. Here we make use of the internal resistance rdson, which produces a voltage drop that depends on the amount of current flowing through the mosfet.
Among the various short circuit protection schemes, desaturation protection is the most mature and widely used solution. This is because high frequency applications calls for quick within ns turn on and off of the devices which in turn demands efficient implementation of all the criteria associated directly or indirectly with the concerned. Chapter 5 protection circuit design 52 1 short circuit overcurrent protection 11 short circuit withstand capability in the event of a short circuit, first the igbts collect or current will rise, once it has reached a certain level, the ce voltage will spike. Tmos over current and short circuit protection fault output to report an mosfet overcurrent condition output status available when mosfet is on or off extended temperature range from 40c to 125c protected against automotive transients with few external components overvoltage and undervoltage shutdown. An3024 alternative to current detection of short circuit.
The mic50 is an 8pin mosfet driver with overcurrent shutdown and a fault. The design begins with the power architecture selection for better commonmode noise immunity as the driver is subjected to high dvdt due to the very high switching speed of the sic mosfet modules. Guidelines toward a rugged design for short circuit protection scp are presented with an emphasis on improving the reliability and availability of the overall system. A comprehensive analysis of the two schemes is presented. Short circuit protection circuits for silicon carbide power transistors. The onchip protection circuit latches off the power mosfet.
At the transition current between the 2 protections the junction temperature of the mosfet is the maximum and should be lower than the maximum rating. Mosfet shortcircuit protection schematic you can thus avoid the use of a sense resistor shunt, which usually produces an undesirable extra voltage drop. In this paper, several key parameters of driver circuit for sic mosfet are discussed, such as gate voltage. A serious short circuit condition called shootthrough occurs when both the hs and ls power fets are on at the same time. The mic50 is an 8pin mosfet driver with overcurrent shutdown and a fault flag. Analog devices growing portfolio of highside switches and mosfet fet drivers provides a simple and effective solution to drive single, dual, triple, or quad nchannel or pchannel fets. Key features include wide input range of operation, extended temperature range of operation, a powerful gate. Dn05040 enhanced output short circuit protection on the ncl30051. Protecting mosfets against overcurrent events power electronics. Hbridge and dual half bridge driver ic infineon technologies. Shortcircuit protection circuits for siliconcarbide power. Advanced protection achieve robust isolated systems using our gate drivers with fast integrated short circuit protection and high surge immunity. Lowside driver with overcurrent protection and faultenable.
The circuit controls a motor system or a buck regulator by correctly sequencing the two power mosfets. Evaluating the robustness of 1200 v sic mosfets under short. The mic50 is compatible with standard or currentsensing power mosfets in both high and lowside driver topologies. It also does it at high voltage until something blows the mosfet. The tle7181em provides a short circuit protection for the external mosfets by monitoring the drainsource voltage of the external mosfets. A sic device driver with an integrated scp is presented for each devicetype, respectively, where a short circuit detection is added to a conventional driver design in a simple way. Add failsafe shootthrough protection to power mosfet. Due to the fairly ruggedised features of the igbt they normally have around a 10us short circuit capability and a higher voltage rating which makes them a lot easier to protect.
How to protect a pchannel mosfet when driving a motor. The mosfet particularly due to their lower current density cannot handle short circuit for very long, probably only around. Desaturation detection for short circuit protection with internal blanking time. It is designed to drive the gate of an nchannel power mosfet above the supply rail highside power switch applications. In this paper, a gate voltagebased fault protection method for a sic mosfet subjected to short circuit type ii also called fault under load is proposed. Short circuit faults are the most critical failure mechanism in power converters.
Basic mosfet protection application becomes critical specifically in those circuits which involve high frequencies in the order of many khz. Analog devices growing portfolio of highside switches and mosfet fet drivers. Cree and abb partner to deliver automotive and industrial sic solutions. For low impedance short circuit, the vds protection will switch off the mosfet. Galvanic isolation is provided by power integrations innovative solid insulator fluxlink technology. This pin is also a high impedance cmos gate with esd protection and therefore should not be forced outside of the power supply rails. I am trying to simulate short circuit protection of mosfet. If that would be expected to blow the mosfet i would be interested to know why, but even more interested to know how i can protect and recover the circuit from that condition. For high impedance short circuit, vds is smaller than vds threshold, so the overtemperature will act. The protection technique proposed here is included in a test circuit. When using the mosfet as a switch we can drive the. Pd 603h applications solenoid driver dc motor driver description the irsf3011 is a threeterminal monolithic smart power mosfet with builtin short circuit, overtemperature, esd and overvoltage protections. Sic mosfet driver with desaturation protection and. Design of gate drivers with shortcircuit protection scheme for sic mosfet.
The mosfet particularly due to their lower current density cannot handle short circuit for very long, probably only around 1us. A gate driver sometimes includes also the protection circuit of the. The data input to the flip flop is pulled high so that whenever the ic is clocked, the gate of the mosfet will be driven to 15 v. Boost the efficiency of your design with strong drive currents, high cmti and short propagation delays of. Mod03 lec short circuit protection of power mosfet nptelhrd. Evaluating 1200 v sic mosfets robustness under short.
May 02, 2012 circuits for analog system design by prof. Short circuit protection via gate driver ic desat protection. Since you are talking about short circuit protection not current limiting, one that has worked for me uses a small transistor to sense the voltage across the fet and cut off the gate drive. Pi director of training andy smith introduces the compact and robust isolated sic mosfet driver incorporates active clamping and circuit board of two gate drive circuits which are driving the two mosfets of a threephase inverter leg. Some mosfet drivers have over current fault protection built in, and use either a current sense resistor, or current sensing mosfets. Highside load driver enhances short circuit protection. By applying a suitable drive voltage to the gate of an fet, the resistance of the drainsource channel, r dson can be varied from an offresistance of many hundreds of k. How and when mosfets blow up power electronic tips. Mosfet shortcircuit protection circuit electronic circuit. The mic4102 implements adaptive antishootthrough circuitry to optimize the switching transitions for maximum efficiency. The circuit has a mosfet switching into a short circuit producing fastrising overcurrent events. Singleoutput highside nchannel power mosfet gate driver. A gate driver sometimes includes also the protection circuit of the semiconductor switch. Ic drivers intrinsically offer lower propagation delay.
Commercial driver ic evaluation short circuit protection in halfbridge configuration. Driving a silicon carbide power mosfet with a fast short circuit protection. Transistor conduct even when resistance is very low. This means certain carbide mosfet needs more stringent short circuit protection. Short circuit protection over temperature protection under voltage protection for use with cree module 45mm, sixpack ccs020m12cm2 45mm, sixpack ccs050m12cm2 applications driver for sic mosfet modules in twolevel, threephase inverter applications dc bus voltage up to vdc absolute maximum ratings. The up to 8 a peak output drive current enables the product to drive devices up to 600 a without requiring any additional active components. The solution to this problem involves a schottky diode and a fastrecovery diode. Evaluating 1200 v sic mosfets robustness under short circuit.
Idea is when current becomes high,voltage across rsense increases to 0. Shortcircuit protection circuits for silicon carbide power transistors article pdf available in ieee transactions on industrial electronics 634. Lowside selfprotected mosfet introduction the ever increasing density and complexity of automotive and industrial control electronics requires integration of components, wherever possible, so as to conserve space, reduce cost, and improve reliability. Sic mosfet driver with desaturation protection and negative.
Ir2161 smps circuit ir2153 alternative electronics. The total length of the power traces and leads in the demonstration circuit connecting the mosfet to the capacitor and ocd is 5 inches. Examples using transformers in practical driver circuits 4. Gate drivers may be implemented as dedicated ics, discrete transistors, or transformers. The requirements of short circuit protection for sic mosfets will be. The simple highside driver can protect even a basic logic gate against load short circuits by controlling the optocoupler turnon and turnoff periods. Silicon carbide sic gate drivers overview gate drivers. The tpd7104af also has a comparator for load shortcircuit overcurrent. Due to the lack of gate driver integrated circuit ic with desaturation protection for the silicon carbide sic metaloxidesemiconductor fieldeffect transistor mosfet, the conventional. This protection is inhibited during turnon pulses in order to mask diode recovery current. Ltc1477ltc1478 single and dual protected high side switches. Driving a silicon carbide power mosfet with a fast short. Overvoltage protection using tl431 and mosfets page 1.
The sid1183k is a single channel igbt and mosfet driver in an esop package. For example, in the case of a short to ground with the mosfet off, one. The protection scheme senses the conduction states of. The mosfet now turns off, disrupting current flow to the faulty load, and. This monitoring of the short circuit detection for a certain external mosfet is active as soon as the. Three short circuit protection methods will be illustrated and compared. This is because high frequency applications calls for quick within ns turn on and off of the devices which in turn demands efficient implementation of all the criteria associated directly or indirectly with the concerned switching. Shortcircuit protection circuits for silicon carbide. Fast acting over current power circuit protection scheme. You would have to have current sensing for each mosfet that will shutdown the gate during an over current event. Dual channel sic mosfet driver gate driver for 1200v, 62mm sic mosfet power module features 2 output channels integrated isolated power supply direct mount low inductance design short circuit protection under voltage protection for use with cree modules cas300m12bm2, 1200v, 300a module. Detection and a power supply reverse connection protection circuit.
Now lets take a look at the different overcurrent and short circuit protection methods. Fast shortcircuit protection and maximized switching efficiency. In this paper, ltspice is used to describe the circuit behavior based on. The control, protection and gatedrive logic sections of the circuit are composed of an se555 timer driving the clock input to a 74ac74 d flip flop, which drives a tc427 gatedriver ic. Jun 14, 2019 so what are the main hindrances which cause improper or inefficient switching of the mosfets, lets learn comprehensively how to protect mosfets with the following points. How to protect mosfets basics explained homemade circuit. Pi director of training andy smith introduces the compact and robust isolated sic mosfet driver incorporates active clamping and mosfet driver gate driver for 1200v, 62mm sic mosfet power module features 2 output channels integrated isolated power supply direct mount low inductance design short circuit protection under voltage protection for use with cree modules cas300m12bm2, 1200v, 300a module. Nevertheless, the shortcircuit protection for sic mosfet has not been fully resolved yet, which is one of the factors hindering its wide usage. Understanding the short circuit protection for silicon carbide mosfets clamped at the forward voltage of the device. To defeat the overcurrent protection, short the drain sense pin to the supply pin. The response time of a circuit is critical to avoid damage due to overheating of a protection circuit. The most popular overcurrent short circuit protection method for igbt and mosget is desat. If the body diode of one mosfet conducts when the opposing device is on, a short circuit arises resembling the shootthrough condition.
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